Biomass and circularity Europe’s competitive edge amid manufacturing crisis

Europe’s manufacturing sector is in crisis, with production levels plummeting by up to 40% in 2025 compared to 2018, resulting in the loss of approximately 200,000 jobs last year. Amid this downturn, the pulp and paper industry has emerged despite its own difficulties as a relative stronghold, underscoring the urgent need for sustainable solutions to support Europe’s competitiveness.